D.C. Pathak | 19 Feb, 2024
The 'Bharat Ratna' awards announced this year to posthumously honour
some well-known leaders in public life for their contribution to the
country's great democratic progress, add to their credibility and create
a good feeling all around.
Amongst the recipients is former Prime
Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao who successfully ran a minority government
for five years from 1991 and with whom I served as Director,
Intelligence Bureau (IB), from mid-1994 up to the end of his tenure as
Prime Minister in 1996.
Prime Minister Rao is best known for
handling the political strategy that allowed his Finance Minister Dr
Manmohan Singh to set out with the much-needed economic reforms.
Prime
Minister Rao made a lasting impression as an intellectual, a scholar,
and a linguist but more than that as a leader of a nationalist outlook
and an administrator who enjoyed the respect of bureaucracy for taking
decisions with great clarity.
He was impatient with mediocrity but
very quick in understanding the nuances of a suggestion. Even senior
officials and ministers were somewhat in awe of him for his strategic
thinking and deep understanding of what was happening in the country -
politically or otherwise.
He was a man of few words who always put
across his views and advice in effective short observations and had an
aura of authenticity about his leadership. He normally never called any
officer on Sunday - he was modernistic about realising the importance of
a weekly rest day for the hardworking bureaucrats.
Prime Minister
Rao appointed me as the Director of the IB - preferring me over a
senior - without ever having met me personally and in what happened for
the first time in the IB, got my name announced as Officer on Special
Duty (OSD) two months in advance of the actual take over as the chief.
I
remember conveying it to the Prime Minister - in my very first briefing
session with him - that this move of a prior announcement had sent a
good message to a professional organisation like the IB.
I
gathered that the Prime Minister was essentially looking for an upright,
apolitical and hard-working professional of long-standing to head the
Bureau - he certainly did not need any help in running his politics -
and was expecting to be briefed in a timely way on significant
developments affecting internal security, stability and peace.
Beyond
my regular periodical briefings to him at 7 Race Course Road, I had
direct access to him otherwise also - the institution of National
Security Advisor did not exist then - and once it so happened that I
reached out to him in the afternoon to convey something I thought could
not wait and met him at 3 Race Course Road, the private premises of the
Prime Minister. He totally trusted the IB for its professional work.
There
are a couple of instances I recollect as evidence of Prime Minister
Rao's strategic outlook on issues of national security. At the height of
trouble in Kashmir, he once held a plenary meeting in which all those
who mattered in the management of that state - from the Governor and the
Army chief to the Cabinet and Home Secretaries - were in attendance.
The discussion was on what 'stronger' measures if any, could be taken to
deal with the situation.
The Prime Minister went round the table
and the participants mostly asked for a new hardline. He finally asked
me sitting next to him as Director, IB, for my views. On a considered
assessment, I advocated that we should stay put and watch the situation
further. Prime Minister Rao endorsed this and said that no new steps
were needed.
When the participants pressed for a decision on
further action, he famously said that "not taking a decision was also a
decision". This could come only from an intellectually strong leader.
On
another occasion, I told the Prime Minister that my senior officers
were suffering because the delay in the 'empanelment' process made them a
victims of the rule that a minimum of 11 months must still be available
to them before retirement, for them to be given the promotion due to
them.
I remember telling the Prime Minister that "the procedural
could not kill the substantive" - he immediately grasped the point and
called the Cabinet Secretary to sort it out. From this emerged the
practice of 'in situ' promotion whereby the IB officer would get the
next higher grade from the day he became eligible for promotion.
I
am happy to say that over the years, IB has continued to enjoy a high
level of trust and support of the government as a professional, unbiased
and dedicated Intelligence agency of the nation.
Prime Minister
Narendra Modi deserves the credit for giving due recognition to those
leaders who from a historical perspective stood out for their role in
carrying democratic India forward.
The Bharat Ratna to many who
had been left out for some reason will have the effect of uniting India
by keeping this recognition above party politics.
This year, Padma
awards were also meant to extend national acknowledgement to craftsmen,
scientists and those who did exceptional social service for people at
the local level - and were kept relatively free of a political or
bureaucratic imprint.
If the Bharat Ratna awards are appreciated
by the people of India, their 'timing' does not matter to them - better
late than never would be their basic response - and if the action of the
government brings political goodwill to the present Prime Minister, why
should anybody have a grouse?
Prime Minister Modi's image as a
leader of personal integrity, who could govern the country with a firm
hand, had brought him onto the national scene to start with and on these
basics of public perception, he remains strong.
As a matter of
fact, Prime Minister Modi has governed a country known for its
diversities, exceptionally well. He has made a big contribution to the
rise of India economically and to the advancement of the country in the
direction of becoming a global voice on issues of war and peace.
Prime
Minister Modi's proactive approach to international relations has
enabled India to steer through the complicated geopolitics of these
times on a note of confidence, high moral ground and human concern.
Recalling
my association with Prime Minister Rao as the Director, IB, for over
two years, I do feel that the IB has always served the nation as a
professional Intelligence agency - making a judgement call 'on its own
about what was a potential threat to national security and integrity.
Congress
lost the 1996 General Election - partly because of internal rifts - and
I became the first Director of the IB to serve a BJP government with
the late Atal Bihari Vajpayee being invited to form the government as
the head of the single largest party.
Unfortunately, that
government was short-lived - possibly because all in the Opposition
shaken by the first-time event of BJP coming to power on its own, joined
hands in the vote of confidence.
Prime Minister Vajpayee was a
fine leader with equanimity and grace, and I had more than one occasion
to brief him even in that short period of time.
I got the
opportunity of serving a third Prime Minister - H.D. Deve Gowda -
representing the United Front with its heavy dependence on the Congress.
Amidst
all the political turmoil that his regime witnessed, I remember Prime
Minister Deve Gowda as a person of practical insight and understanding,
who valued my briefings.
I presume some political compulsion led
him to 'push me up' as Chairman Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC),
responsible for drawing long-term and medium-range national security
estimates at the national apex.
Interestingly, he did not appoint a
successor and allowed IB to be run through an 'officiating' Director
for quite some time. Soon, however, there was another change in
government with Indra Kumar Gujral taking over as the next Prime
Minister of the United Front.
Late Gujral was a thinking leader
with whom I interacted in my new capacity, on a note of intellectual
harmony. To him goes the credit of conceiving for the first time the
idea of a coordinating body for Intelligence and Security at the
national apex - it could not materialise then but would later result in
the formation of the National Security Council (NSC) and its
Secretariat- the NSCS, after the Kargil war.
I am glad I was able
to function as the Intelligence chief with all the three regimes that
together represented the entire political spectrum of India - Congress,
BJP and the United Front - at that point of time.
In a nutshell,
my experience as Director, IB, confirms my belief that India must
continue to put our national Intelligence agencies on a special footing
for their priceless contribution to national security.
It is a
matter of great satisfaction that Prime Minister Modi - aided by an
extremely competent National Security Advisor - is giving all attention
to our Intelligence set-up and the resources it requires, particularly
to the matter of inter-agency coordination and the vital need for an
integral response to any threat to India's security, integrity and
sovereignty.
Bharat Ratna awards strengthen the impression that
Prime Minister Modi is a national leader and not just the leader of the
party in power.
(The writer is a former Director of the Intelligence Bureau. Views are personal)